Amavalvu olwandle ayizingxenye ezibalulekile kwingqalasizinda yomkhumbi, eklanyelwe ukulawula ukugeleza kwamanzi olwandle ukungena nokuphuma ezinhlelweni ezihlukene zomkhumbi. Imisebenzi yabo eyinhloko iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokusebenza kahle komkhumbi ngenkathi usolwandle. Ngezansi, sihlola izizathu zokuthi kungani imikhumbi ifakwe amavalvu olwandle kanye nezindima ezibalulekile eziyidlalayo.
1. Ukuthatha Amanzi Ezinhlelweni Ezibalulekile
Imikhumbi ithembele emanzini olwandle kumasistimu amaningi angaphakathi, okuhlanganisa izinjini zokupholisa, amasistimu asebenzayo e-ballast, kanye nezisetshenziswa zokucima umlilo. Amavalvu olwandle alawula ukungena kwamanzi olwandle kulezi zinhlelo, aqinisekisa ukugeleza okulawulwayo nokusebenza kahle. Ngokwesibonelo:
- Amasistimu Okupholisa: Izinjini neminye imishini idinga amanzi olwandle ukuze asuse ukushisa futhi agcine izinga lokushisa elilungile lokusebenza.
- I-Ballast Systems: Amanzi olwandle aphonswa emathangeni e-ballast ngokusebenzisa ama-valve olwandle ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza phakathi nezimo ezihlukene zokulayisha.
- Izimiso Zokucisha Umlilo: Amaphampu amaningi omlilo asolwandle adonsa amanzi ngokuqondile olwandle, futhi amavalvu olwandle alawula le nqubo.
2. Ukukhipha Amanzi Angcolile Ngokuhamba Ngaphansi Komkhumbi kanye Nokukhipha Indle
Ama-valve olwandle avumela ukuchithwa okuphephile kwamanzi angcolile ahlanzekile, amanzi e-bilge, noma uketshezi oluningi ngokweqile. Behlonyiselwe ukuthobela ngokuqinile imithetho yemvelo, baqinisekisa ukuthi ukungcola kulawulwa ngendlela efanele. Izibonelo zifaka:
- I-Bilge Systems: Amanzi eqile anqwabelana onqenqemeni lomkhumbi ampontshelwa ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi ezilawulwa amavalvu olwandle.
- Ukukhipha Amanzi Apholisayo: Ngemva kokujikeleza ngezinhlelo zokupholisa, amanzi olwandle aphindiselwa olwandle.
3. Izindlela Eziphuthumayo Nezokuphepha
Amavalvu olwandle abalulekile ezindleleni zokuphepha zomkhumbi, ikakhulukazi ezimeni eziphuthumayo. Avumela ukuhlukaniswa okusheshayo noma ukuqondisa kabusha ukugeleza kwamanzi, ukunciphisa umonakalo.
- Ukuvimbela Izikhukhula: Uma kwenzeka umonakalo wesikebhe, ama-valve athile olwandle angahlukanisa izingxenye ezisengozini, avimbele ezinye izikhukhula.
- Amavaluvu Esiphepho: Amavalvu olwandle akhethekile, njengamavaluvu esiphepho, avikela ukugeleza nokungena kwamanzi phakathi nezimo zolwandle olugubhayo.
4. Ukumelana Nokugqwala kanye Nokwethenjelwa Ezindaweni Ezinzima
Ngokunikezwa ukuchayeka kwawo emanzini anosawoti nezimo ezimbi kakhulu, amavalvu e-narine akhiqizwa ngezinto ezimelana nokugqwala njengethusi, insimbi engagqwali, noma ama-alloys akhethekile. Idizayini yabo iqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside, ukunciphisa izidingo zokunakekela kanye nokwelula isikhathi sokuphila sezinhlelo zemikhumbi.
5. Ukuthobela Imvelo kanye Nokulawula
Amavalvu esimanje olwandle aklanyelwe ukuthobela imithetho yasolwandle yamazwe ngamazwe, okuhlanganisa izivumelwano ze-MARPOL kanye ne-Ballast Water Management. Le mithethonqubo iyalela ukuvinjelwa kokunukubezeka kanye nokuphathwa ngendlela efanele kwamanzi e-ballast ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-20-2024